Biomedical sciences, are a set of applied
sciences applying portions of natural
science or formal science, or both, to develop knowledge,
interventions, or technology of use in healthcare
or public
health. Such disciplines as medical microbiology, clinical
virology, clinical epidemiology, genetic epidemiology, and biomedical engineering are medical sciences.
Explaining physiological
mechanisms operating in pathological processes, however, pathophysiology
can be regarded as basic science.
Roles within healthcare science
There are at least 45 different specialisms within
healthcare science, which are traditionally grouped into three main divisions:
- Specialisms involving life sciences
- Specialisms involving physiological science
- Specialisms involving medical physics or bioengineering
Life sciences specialisms
- Analytical toxicology
- Anatomical pathology
- Blood transfusion science
- Cervical cytology
- Clinical biochemistry
- Clinical embryology
- Clinical immunology
- Electron microscopy
- External quality assurance
- Haematology
- Haemostasis and thrombosis
- Histocompatibility and immunogenetics
- Histo and cytopathology
- Molecular and cytogenetics
- Microbiology including mycology
- Phlebotomy
- Tissue Banking/transplant
- Virology
Physiological science specialisms
- Audiology and Hearing Therapy
- Autonomic neurovascular function
- Cardiac physiology
- Clinical perfusion
- Critical care science
- Gastrointestinal physiology
- Neurophysiology
- Ophthalmic and vision science
- Respiratory and sleep physiology
- Urology
- Vascular science
Physics and bioengineering specialisms
- Biomechanical engineering
- Biomedical engineering
- Clinical engineering
- Clinical measurement
- Diagnostic radiology including MRI
- Equipment management
- Maxillofacial prosthetics
- Medical electronics
- Medical engineering design
- Medical illustration and clinical photography
- Non-ionising radiation
- Nuclear medicine
- Radiopharmacy
- Radiation protection and monitoring
- Radiotherapy physics
- Rehabilitation engineering
- Renal technology and science
- Ultrasound
Healthcare science in the United Kingdom
The healthcare science workforce is an important part of the
UK's National Health Service. While people
working in healthcare science are only 5% of the staff of the NHS, 80 percent
of all diagnosis can be attributed to their work.
The volume of specialist healthcare science work is a
significant part of the work of the NHS. Every year, NHS healthcare scientists
carry out
- Nearly 1 billion pathology lab tests
- More than 12 million physiological tests
- Support for 1.5 million fractions of radiotherapy
The four governments of the UK have recognised the
importance of healthcare science to the NHS, introducing the Modernising Scientific Careers
initiative to ensure that the education and training for healthcare scientists
ensures there is the flexibility to meet patient needs while keeping up-to-date
with scientific developments.
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