Biomass to Liquid / REF / 61 / 2014

Biomass to Liquid (BtL) or BMtL is a multi-step process which produces liquid biofuels from biomass:

The process uses the whole plant to improve the carbon dioxide balance and increase yield.

• The Fischer–Tropsch process is used to produce synfuels from gasified biomass. Carbonaceous material is gasified and the gas is processed to make purified syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen). The Fischer-Tropsch polymerizes syngas into diesel-range hydrocarbons. While biodiesel and bio-ethanol production so far only use parts of a plant, i.e. oil, sugar, starch or cellulose, BtL production can gasify and utilize the entire plant.
• Flash pyrolysis - producing bio-oil (pyrolysis oil), char and gas at temperatures between 350-550°C and residence times < 1 second (also called anhydrous pyrolysis).
• Catalytic depolymerization — using heat and catalysts to separate usable diesel fuel from hydrocarbon wastes.

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